- Ganga (Ganges)
- Brahmaputra
- Indus (Sindhu)
Ganga is the most sacred river of India and is known around the world
for its significance of purity in the Hindu culture. The Ganga and Indus
Basin are themselves major river systems featuring 16 important Indian
rivers (10 rivers in Ganga basin and 6 major rivers in the Indus basin).
The Ganga River System includes the following rivers (10 major rivers plus DamodarRiver and Hugli River):
Rivers |
Length (KM) |
Origin |
End |
Ganga
|
2,525
|
Gangotri
Glacier (Bhagirathi), Uttarakhand
|
Bay
of Bengal
|
Yamuna
|
1,376
|
Yamunotri
Glacier, Uttarakhand
|
Merges
with Ganga at Allahabad (TriveniSangam - KumbhMela spot
|
Brahmaputra
|
1,800
|
Himalayan
Glacier in Tibet, but enters India in Arunachal Pradesh
|
Merges
with Ganga and ends in Bay of Bengal
|
Chambal
|
960
|
Tributary
of Yamuna river, starting at Madhya Pradesh
|
Joins
Yamuna river in UP
|
Son
|
784
|
Tributary
of Ganga, starting at Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh
|
Joins
Ganga just above Patna - also considered part of Vindhya river system
|
Gandak
|
630
|
Nepal;
Ganges tributary at Indo-Nepal border (TriveniSangam)
|
Joins
Ganga near Patna
|
Kosi
|
720
|
Starts
from Bihar near Indo-Nepal border
|
Joins
Ganga near Katihar district of Bihar
|
Betwa
|
590
|
Tributary
of Yamuna, rises at Vindhya region, MP
|
Joins
Yamuna at Hamirpur in UP
|
Gomti
|
900
|
Tributary
of Ganga, starting at GomatTaal, UP
|
Joins
Ganga in Varanasi district
|
Ghaghra
|
1080
|
Himalayan
Glacier in tibet, tributary of Ganga
|
Joins
Ganga in Bihar
|
Hugli
(Hooghly)
|
260
|
Tributary
of Ganga near West Bengal
|
Merges
with Ganga at Bay of Bengal
|
Damodar
|
592
|
Tributary
of Hugli near Chandwar, Jharkhand
|
Merges
with Hugli in West Bengal
|
Although Hugli and Damodar rivers play a very important role in shaping
the local civilisation and local economy, they are not considered as the
most important rivers of the Ganga river riversystem.
The Indus River System includes the following 6 major rivers:
Rivers |
Length (KM) |
Origin |
End |
Indus
|
3180
|
Originates
in Tibetan plateau, Enters India in J&K
|
Merges
into Arabina sea near Sindh
|
Chenab
|
960
|
Upper
Himalayas in the Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh
|
Merges
with Indus
|
Jhelum
|
725
|
Tributary
of Chenub river, Punjab
|
Merges
with Chenab at Jhang (Pakistan)
|
Ravi
|
720
|
Starts
from Bara Bhangal, Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh
|
Joins
Chenab in Pakistan
|
Sutlej
|
1500
|
Tributary
of Indus river, originates at Rakshastal, Tibet
|
Meets
Beas river in Pakistan and ends at Arabian sea
|
Beas
|
470
|
Rises
at Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh
|
Joins
Sutlej river in Punjab, India
|
Western Ghats Rivers:
Rivers |
Length (KM) |
Origin |
End |
Kaveri
|
765
|
Talakaveri
in Western Ghats in Karnataka
|
Ends
in Bay of Bengal
|
Krishna
|
1400
|
Originates
in the Western Ghats near Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra
|
Ends
in Bay of Bengal near Andhra Pradesh
|
Godavari
|
1465
|
Starts
in Maharashtra and passes through 7 Indian states
|
Empties
in Bay of Bengal
|
Tungabhadra
|
531
|
Tributary
of Krishna river staring at Karnataka
|
Joins
Krishna river along the border of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh
|
Vindhya and Satpura Ranges rivers:
Rivers |
Length (KM) |
Origin |
End |
Tapti
|
724
|
Rises
in Eastern Satpura Ranges, Madhya Pradesh
|
Empties
into Gulf of Khambat, Gujarat
|
Mahi
|
580
|
Rises
in Madhya Pradesh
|
Flows
into Arabian sea from Gujarat
|
Narmada
|
1315
|
Starts
from Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh
|
Drains
into Arabian sea via Gulf of Cambay
|
Other Important notes on Indian rivers to remember:
River Saraswati is a mythical river and is part of the Hindu
triveniSangam mythology of the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati
rivers. SaraswatiRiver is thought to be flowing under the ground and
meeting Ganga and Yamuna at the Kumbhmela spot.
Meghna a major river in Bangladesh is a tributary if Indian Brahmaptura river and also empties in Bay of Bengal.
River Tapi is a river in Thailand and is not to be confused with Indian River Tapti (Tapati).
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