Reasoning Study Notes for SSC CGL and Railways

Dear Readers, We are providing you a Study Notes for Reasoing for SSC CGL 2016,SSC CGL SSC CHSL, Railways and SSC CPO .

ANALOGY

Introduction – When two words or number are similar then there must be some logically explicable way in which they are similar. If the same logical explanation may be given for another pair of words or numbers, their relationships will also be similar. Then we say that the two pairs exhibit analogy.

For example: Student : school
                     Patient : hospital.
                     
Types of Analogy
(i) Word Analogy – (a) meaningful words
                             (b) non-meaningful words

(ii) Number Analogy

(i) Word Analogy – There are many possibilities in establishing a relationship. Here are some useful points.

1.Worker & Product

E.g. Carpenter : Furniture : : Mason : Wall

Author : Novel
Writer : Book
Cobbler : Shoes
Butcher : Meat

2.Worker & Tool

E.g. Wood cutter : Axe : : Soldier : Gun

Writer : Pen
Tailor : Sewing Machine
Surgeon : Scalpel
Black Smith : Anvil

3.Tool & Action

E.g.    Pen: Write : : Knife : Cut

Loudspeaker : Amplify
Spade : Dig
Spanner : Grip
Shovel : Scoop

4.Worker & Working Place

E.g.    Farmer : Field : : Doctor : Hospital

Pilot : Cockpit
Umpire : Pitch
Warrior : Battlefield
Salilor : Ship

5.Product & Raw Material

E.g.     Cloth : Fibre : : Petrol : Crude Oil

Grape : Wine
Metal : Ore
Paper : Pulp
Sack : Jute

6.Quantity & Unit

E.g.    Length : Meter : : Distance : Light Year

Current : Ampere
Pressure : Pascal
Resistance : Ohm
Potential : Volt

7.Instrument & Measurement

E.g.     Barometer : Prissure : : Spudometer : Speed

Screw Gauge : Thickness
Anemometer : Humdidity
Hygrometer : Current
Ammeter : Current

8.Study & Topic

E.g.    Botany ; Plants : : Ornithology : Birds

Oology : Eggs
Onomatology : Names
Semantics : Language
Orography : Mountains

9.Word & Intensity

E.g.    Anger : Rage : : Joy : Ecstasy

Crime : Sin
Refuse : Deny
Famous : Renowned
Sink : Drown

10.Cause & effect

E.g.    Shoot : kill : : Race : Fatigue

Insult : Humiliate
Fast : Hunger
Reading : Knowledge

11.Symbolic  Relationship

E.g.    Green : Clear : : Stars : Rank

Black : Sorrow
Male : Majesty
Red Cross : Hospital
Swastika : Fortune


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