All About Profit & Loss
PROFIT & LOSS
Profit and loss are determined by the value of cost price and selling price. Cost price is the price at which an article is purchased and selling price is the price at which article is sold Profit = selling price - Cost price
Loss = Cost price - Selling price
Percentage profit and loss are always calculated on cost price.
MARKED PRICE
Marked price is also known as the list price. It is the price which is marked on the article.
Where CP = cost price and MP = marked price
DISCOUNT
Shopkeepers devise several ways to attract customers (consumers). Sometimes they sell an article at a price lower than its list price (LP)/marked price (MP). Recall that reduction offered by retailer on the list price is called discount. We may recall that
Discount = MP - SP
Example 1: Marked price of a dining table is Rs 1350. It is sold at Rs. 1188 after allowing certain discount. Find the rate of discount.
Solution:
MP of the dining table = Rs. 1350
SP of the dining table = Rs. 1188
Discount allowed = Rs. (1350 - 1188) = Rs. 162
Discount percent =162/1350×100=12
This the rate of discount is 12%
SUCCESSIVE DISCOUNTS
Sometimes more than one discount are offered by the shopkeeper on a single item or article. When two or more discounts are applicable successively to the list price of an article, they form the discount series.
Suppose a shopkeeper is offering 3 successive discounts of 10%, 20% and 30% then to calculate effective discount we assume that marked price is 100, then final value becomes 0.90 × 0.80 × 0.70 × 100 = 0.54 × 100 = 50.4
Total discount = 49.6%.
Example 2:
If two articles are sold at same selling price one at 30% profit
another at 30% loss then what is his overall percentage profit or loss?
FALSE WEIGHT PROBLEMS
Shown or indicate weight is always equivalent to selling price, and actual/true weight is equivalent to cost price.
Example 3:
A shopkeeper takes 20%, extra quantity while purchasing the milk, and
gives 25% less than the indicated weight while selling the milk. Find
the profit percentage of he sells at the cost price only.
Solution:
Suppose the price of milk = 1 Rs per ml shopkeeper takes 120 ml, and pays only Rs. 100
While selling he gives only 75 ml and shows 100 ml.
Total selling price of 120 ml
100/75×120 = 160, hence percentage profit = 60%
Profit and loss are determined by the value of cost price and selling price. Cost price is the price at which an article is purchased and selling price is the price at which article is sold Profit = selling price - Cost price
Loss = Cost price - Selling price
☞If a cost price of m articles is equal to the selling Price of n articles, then Profit percentage
Marked price is also known as the list price. It is the price which is marked on the article.
DISCOUNT
Shopkeepers devise several ways to attract customers (consumers). Sometimes they sell an article at a price lower than its list price (LP)/marked price (MP). Recall that reduction offered by retailer on the list price is called discount. We may recall that
Discount = MP - SP
Solution:
MP of the dining table = Rs. 1350
SP of the dining table = Rs. 1188
Discount allowed = Rs. (1350 - 1188) = Rs. 162
Discount percent =162/1350×100=12
This the rate of discount is 12%
SUCCESSIVE DISCOUNTS
Sometimes more than one discount are offered by the shopkeeper on a single item or article. When two or more discounts are applicable successively to the list price of an article, they form the discount series.
Suppose a shopkeeper is offering 3 successive discounts of 10%, 20% and 30% then to calculate effective discount we assume that marked price is 100, then final value becomes 0.90 × 0.80 × 0.70 × 100 = 0.54 × 100 = 50.4
Total discount = 49.6%.
☞When there are two successive Profit of x % and y % then the resultant profit per cent is given by
☞If there is a Profit of x% and loss of y % in a transaction, then the resultant profit or loss% is given by
Note- For profit use sign + in previous formula and for loss use – sign.
if resultant come + then there will be overall profit, if it come – then there will be overall loss.
FALSE WEIGHT PROBLEMS
Shown or indicate weight is always equivalent to selling price, and actual/true weight is equivalent to cost price.
☞If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weights, then
Solution:
Suppose the price of milk = 1 Rs per ml shopkeeper takes 120 ml, and pays only Rs. 100
While selling he gives only 75 ml and shows 100 ml.
Total selling price of 120 ml
100/75×120 = 160, hence percentage profit = 60%
Post a Comment
Post a Comment