The four kinds of bills mentioned in
the Constitution are:
·
Ordinary Bill
·
Money Bill
·
Financial Bill
Ordinary Bill
Any bill other than Money, Financial or
Constitution Amendment bill is called an Ordinary bill. It can
be introduced in either Houses of the Parliament. It does not need the
recommendation of the President for its introduction in Parliament (except a
bill under article 3). It is passed by a simple majority by both the Houses.
They enjoy equal legislative powers over the passage of an ordinary bill. If
there is a deadlock over the bill it can be resolved in a joint sitting of both
the Houses of Parliament.
Money Bill
A bill that deals exclusively with
money matters that are mentioned in Article 110 in Constitution is called a Money
Bill.
These Money matters are:
(1) Imposition, abolition or
alternation of any tax.
(2) The borrowing of any money or
giving any guarantee by the Govt. of India.
(3) The custody of the Consolidated Fund
of India or Contingency fund of India or deposition or withdrawal of any money
from any such funds.
(4) The appropriation of the money out
of the Consolidated Fund of India.
(5) Declaring any expenditure as
charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.
(6) The receipt of money on the account
of consolidated Fund of India or Public Account of India.
(7) Any matter that is incidental to
the above matters.
Appropriation – Authorize someone to
withdraw and spend
withdraw you withdraw and spend.
A money bill can be introduced only
in Lok Sabha on the recommendation of the President. It is passed by a
simple majority by both the Houses of Parliament. The Lok Sabha enjoys
overriding legislative power in the passage of a money bill and Rajya Sabha
cannot reject or approve a money bill by virtue of its own legislative power.
Any money bill shall bear the certificate of speaker that it is a money bill.
The Speaker‘s decision in this regard is final and binding and cannot be
questioned in any court of law. A money bill is transmitted to Rajya Sabha
after it has been passed by Lok Sabha.
The Rajya Sabha can
exercise any of the following four options:
(i) It also passes the bill.
(ii) It rejects the bill outright –
upon being rejected the bill is deemed to have been passed by both the Houses.
(iii) The Rajya Sabha does not
pass the bill for 14 days, then on the expiry of 14th day after having
received the bill it is deemed to have been passed by both the Houses.
(iv) The Rajya Sabha suggests
amendments to the bill, the bill then goes back to the power House. If the Lok
Sabha accepts one or more of the amendment then the bill is deemed to have been
passed in that form on the other hand if Lok Sabha rejects the amendment then
the bill is deemed to have been passed in its original form. There is no
deadlock between the Houses over the passage of a money bill. When a money bill
is presents to the President, under the Constitution he shall declare that he
give assent or withhold assent.
Financial Bill
A Bill apart from dealing with one or
more money matters if also deals with one or more non-money matters then it is
called a financial Bill. It is introduced in the same manner as that of money
Bill. Since it contains non-money matters after its introduction, it is passed
in same manner an ordinary bill is passed.
Constitutional
Amendment Bill
A bill introduced under article 368 to
amend one or more provisions of the Constitution is called a Constitutional
Amendment Bill.
It can be introduced in either House of
the Parliament. It does not require the recommendation of President for its
introduction. It shall be passed by both the House of the Parliament sitting
separately by majority of not less than 2/3rd of members present and
voting and a majority of total strength of the House. The Constitution does not
provide for a joint sitting of both the Houses of the Parliament if a deadlock
develop between the two Houses over the passage of a Constitutional Amendment
Bill
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