MAIN PROVISIONS OF IMPORTANT ACTS PASSED IN BRITISH INDIA
Charter Act, 1833
(i) Governor-General of Bengal became the Governor-General of India
(ii) Company was asked to close its business at the earliest
(iii) It put an end on Company's trade monopoly even in tea and opium with China
(iv) Government of Madras and Bombay was deprived of legislative powers
(v) A fourth member (Law Member) was added to the Council of Governor-General
(vi) Government Service was thrown open to the people of India
(viii) All laws made by Governor General-in-Council, henceforth came to be known as Acts and not regulations
(viii) Provision was made for appointment of Law Commission for codification of laws
(ix) Slavery was abolished
Charter Act, 1853
(i) For the first time a separate legislative machinery consisting of 12-member Legislative Council was created
(ii) Law Member was made a full member of the Executive Council of the
Governor-General. Six additional members were added for legislative
purposes
(iii) Recruitment of Civil Services was based on open annual competitive examination.
Government of India Act, 1858
(i) Rule of company in India ended and that of the Crown began
(ii) System of double government ended as both the Court of Directors as well as the Board of Control was abolished
(iii) Secretary of State for India was appointed. He was assisted by a
15-member Council (India Council). He was to exercise the powers of the
Crown
(iv) Secretary of State was to be a member of the British Cabinet
(v) Secretary of State governed India through the Governor General
(vi) Governor-General was to be called the Viceroy and was the direct representative of the Crown in India
(vii) A unitary and highly-centralized administrative structure was created.
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